Glycolysis drawn from Sadava, Alberts, and MIT lectures
Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate in 10 steps. For more details, see JH handwritten notes August 7-13, 2020, Alberts p. 120-121 (Panel 2-8), Lander Lecture 5 and table below.
| Step | Primary reactant | Enzyme | Primary Product | Other reactants | Other products |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | α-glucose | hexokinase | glucose 6-phosphate | ATP | ADP; H+ |
| 2a | Ring form of glucose-6-phosophate | n/a | Open chain form of glucose-6-phosophate | ||
| 2b | Open chain form of glucose-6-phosophate | phosphoglucose isomerase | Open chain form of fructose-6-phosophate | ||
| 2c | Open chain form of fructose-6-phosophate | n/a | Ring form of fructose-6-phosophate | ||
| 3 | Ring form of fructose-6-phosophate | phosphofructokinase | Ring form of fructose-1,6-biphosphate | ATP | ADP; H+ |
| 4a | Ring form of fructose-1,6-biphosphate | n/a | Open chain form of fructose-1,6-biphosphate | ||
| 4b | Open chain form of fructose-1,6-biphosphate | aldolase | 1 molecule of DHAP; 1 molecule of G3P | ||
| 5 | DHAP | TIM | G3P | ||
| 6 | G3P | G3P dehydrogenase | 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate | NAD+; Pi | NADH; extra H- see Alberts p. 82 for NAD reduction |
| 7 | 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate | phosphoglycerate kinase | 3-phosphoglycerate | ADP | ATP |
| 8 | 3-phosphoglycerate | phosphoglycerate mutase | 2-phosphoglycerate | ||
| 9 | 2-phosphoglycerate | enolase | phosphoenolpyruvate | H2O | |
| 10 | phosphoenolpyruvate | pyruvate kinase | pyruvate | ADP; H+ | ATP |